13 Ekim 1986 Pazartesi Tekrar oynatılıyor

NEWS SUMMARY: MONDAY, OCTOBER 13, 1986

Date: 13 October 1986

The World The Iceland meeting failed after 11 hours of talks to reach an agreement on arms control or to set a date for full-fledged summit meeting in the United States. While officials said that tentative understandings were reached on most issues, a possible formal accord foundered over Soviet insistence that the United States restrain its program to develop a system of space-based missile defenses. Each leader blamed the other for the lack of results. [ Page A1, Column 6. ] The lid on news imposed on the summit meetings by the Russians and Americans produced a fight between the two delegations and one between Larry Speakes, President Reagan's spokesman, and reporters covering the meeting. [ A8:4-6. ]

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NEWS SUMMARY: TUESDAY, OCTOBER 14, 1986

Date: 14 October 1986

THE WORLD The President blamed the Kremlin for the failure to achieve an arms control agreement in Iceland, but he renewed his invitation to Mikhail S. Gorbachev for a summit meeting in the United States, Mr. Reagan said in a televised address. In a conciliatory tone, Mr. Reagan said Washington and Moscow were closer than ever before to agreements that could lead to a safer world. [ Page A1, Column 6. ] Hopes for progress in arms talks in Geneva were expressed by American officials as a result of President Reagan's meetings in Iceland with Mikhail S. Gorbachev. They said the Kremlin would find it hard to retract from concessions it made in Iceland. Their outlook was disputed by former arms control officials. [ A11:1-6. ]

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HOLDOUT ON BIG SCIENCE: STANLEY COHEN

Date: 14 October 1986

By James Gleick

James Gleick

AT first, all Stanley Cohen had to go on was that the eyelids were opening too soon. Ordinarily the eyes of newborn mice open like clockwork on the 13th or 14th day, but these mice, injected with a crude extract containing a newly discovered nerve growth factor, were opening their eyes by the seventh day. Furthermore, their teeth were coming out too fast - and these were unexpected side effects, clearly unrelated to nerve growth. From this first hint in the late 1950's, Dr. Cohen single-mindedly pursued a new substance, now known as epidermal growth factor, that he suspected of playing a central role in the timing of cell development. At the time, it was far from obvious that the problem was worth the trouble.

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UNRAVELER OF MYSTERIES: RITA LEVI-MONTALCINI

Date: 14 October 1986

By Roberto Suro, Special To the New York Times

Roberto Suro

When Mussolini's anti-Semitic laws forced her to leave the University of Turin in 1939, Rita Levi-Montalcini set up a small laboratory in the bedroom of her family home, and it was there that she first developed the expertise in cellular biology that today earned her a share of the 1986 Nobel Prize for medicine. Dr. Levi-Montalcini, who is 77 years old, is the kind of researcher who has focused resolutely on one issue over the course of a long career. Her fascination with nerve cells began back in the dark days when it was a crime for her to talk about what she saw through a microscope, and the intrigue continues unabated now. Winning the Nobel, she said today in an interview, is ''a great honor,'' but with a slight smile she added, ''Still, there is no great a thrill as the moment of discovery.'' The first great moment came in 1952, when she helped identify the nerve growth factor, a protein that stimulates nerve development. Working with Dr. Stanley Cohen, who shared today's prize, at Washington University in St. Louis, she pursued the discovery through several stages of research into the workings of the nervous system at the molecular level.

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BACK IN THE TOP JOB: ALEN WINSHIP CLAUSEN

Date: 13 October 1986

By Barnaby J. Feder

Barnaby Feder

A. W. (Tom) Clausen became president and chief executive of the BankAmerica Corporation and its Bank of America subsidiary in 1970 at the age of 47. At the time he said he had no intention of staying in the job until he reached retirement age. True to his word, he left in 1981 to become president of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, better known as the World Bank. This weekend, however, Mr. Clausen added an ironic postcript to that pledge. He returned to take the top job, facing a challenge big enough to fill every waking minute of the 16 months until his 65th birthday. In his absence, the bank that was the nation's largest and had the biggest profit when he left has suffered one demoralizing setback after another. Fraud; huge loan losses in farming, energy, shipping and other weak sectors of the economy; international debt problems; poor application of technology, and general morale problems have sullied its reputation and dragged down its share price.

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TRUE OR FALSE, AND WHO SAYS?

Date: 13 October 1986

By Alex S. Jones, Special To the New York Times

Alex Jones

For many journalists who cover the White House, recent reports of a deception campaign by the Reagan Administration have prompted a mixture of anger at being intentionally misled and relief that the reports may give credence to their longstanding complaints of systematic manipulation by Government officials. They say this reported effort at disinformation has damaged the White House's credibility and has added to skepticism among reporters who, in general, already describe themselves as very skeptical. ''It throws a cloud of suspicion over what they say,'' said Helen Thomas, the longtime White House correspondent for United Press International. ''I think they're badly hurt.''

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New Product Pace

Date: 14 October 1986

By Philip H. Dougherty

Philip Dougherty

Although new product introductions in September continued to be up over not only September 1985, but also August this year, the pace of introductions has slowed, according to the DFS-Dorland New Product News.

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EDITORS PROTEST TO WHITE HOUSE

Date: 13 October 1986

AP

The American Society of Newspaper Editors has sent a telegram to President Reagan to protest the use of what it calls ''disinformation'' tactics to mislead the American public about United States policy. The message, signed by the society's chairman, officers and directors and sent on Saturday, said: ''The American Society of Newspaper Editors has examined the evidence that senior officials of the Reagan Administration have been involved in an incident to spread 'disinformation' regarding U.S. policy toward Libya. This calculated technique of falsehood, commonly employed by totalitarian governments as an instrument of policy, is repugnant to American democratic principles and destructive of the role of the press in a free society.

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DISCORD ERUPTS OVER VOW OF SILENCE

Date: 13 October 1986

Special to the New York Times

The agreement by Soviet and American officials to withhold disclosures about the summit conference produced an argument between the two delegations today, and between President Reagan's spokesman and reporters covering the meeting here. It began when Larry Speakes, the White House spokesman, acknowledged this morning that he sent a formal written protest on Saturday night to Gennadi I. Gerasimov, the Soviet Foreign Ministry spokesman. Mr. Speakes said that Georgi A. Arbatov, the director of the Soviet Institute for U.S.A. and Canadian Studies, violated the spirit of the agreement at a news conference Saturday morning at which he criticized the American position on nuclear weapons testing. And at his afternoon briefing today, Mr. Speakes declared that the Russians had committed an even worse violation of the agreement.

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The F.B.I.'s Misguided Focus on News Leaks

Date: 14 October 1986

To the Editor: The creation of a special unit within the Federal Bureau of Investigation to look into the sources of disclosures made by news organizations about the workings of our Government (news story, Oct. 2) is a legally indefensible attempt by the Reagan Administration to harass those who reveal facts inconsistent with its pervasive campaign of information management. According to your article, the Government says that the inquiries are being conducted ''under espionage statutes that prohibit unauthorized disclosures of classified information.'' Those statutes have recently been the subject of a comprehensive scholarly report by the Association of the Bar of the City of New York. After an in-depth review of the history of the statutes, the report states: ''We conclude that prosecution under the espionage laws is appropriate only in cases of transmission of properly classified information to a foreign power with the intent to injure the United States or to aid a foreign power. Other uses of the statutes, such as prosecution of the media or those providing information for the sake of public debate, are inappropriate.''

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